Here are the answers to the questions on the worksheet, broken down step by step.
1. Difference between pictures A and B
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Picture A (Gas): The particles are spread far apart and moving around freely. This represents a gas. The key property here is that gases can be compressed (squished) because there is so much empty space between the particles. When the piston pushes down, the volume gets smaller.
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Picture B (Liquid/Solid): The particles are packed tightly together in an organized way. This represents a liquid or solid. Because the particles are already touching, they cannot be pushed any closer together.
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Key Property: Gases are compressible (their volume changes easily), while liquids and solids are generally incompressible (their volume stays the same).
2. Difference between pictures C and D
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Picture C (Gas): Just like in Picture A, these are gas particles. They have plenty of room to move. When the piston moves up, the particles spread out to fill the new, larger space. This shows that gases expand to fill their container.
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Picture D (Liquid/Solid): These particles are packed tight. Even though the piston moves up, the particles stay at the bottom. They do not spread out to fill the extra space.
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Key Property: Gases expand to fill the entire volume of their container. Liquids and solids have a definite volume and do not expand to fill empty space.
3. Which has the greatest volume?
To figure this out, we look at how tightly the particles are packed in each state of matter:
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Solid Iron: The particles are packed very tightly. It takes up the least amount of space.
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Liquid Water: The particles are close together but can slide past each other. It takes up slightly more space than the iron, but not much.
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Helium Gas: The particles are very far apart with lots of empty space between them. Because the particles are so spread out, 50 grams of gas will take up a huge amount of space compared to the same weight of liquid or solid.
Therefore, the gas takes up the most room.
Final Answer:
1. Picture A shows a gas where particles are far apart and can be compressed (squished) into a smaller space. Picture B shows a liquid or solid where particles are packed tight and cannot be compressed. The key property is that gases are compressible, while liquids/solids are not.
2. Picture C shows a gas expanding to fill the larger space when the piston lifts. Picture D shows a liquid or solid staying at the bottom and not filling the extra space. The key property is that gases expand to fill their container's volume, while liquids/solids have a fixed volume.
3. 50 grams of helium gas. Gases have particles that are spread very far apart, so they take up much more space (volume) than liquids or solids of the same mass.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of properties of gases worksheet.
