Here's the completed worksheet with labels, explanations, and answers to all questions:
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1. Label the parts of the atom and their charges.
*(Left diagram — Bohr model)*
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Center circle (nucleus): Contains
protons (+) and
neutrons (no charge / neutral).
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Orbiting circles (electrons): Labeled
electrons (-).
*(Right diagram — more detailed atomic model)*
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Inner sphere (nucleus): Contains
protons (+) and
neutrons (0).
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Outer rings (electron shells): Contain
electrons (-).
- The electron moving away from the lower atom is being
transferred to the upper atom.
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2. Label and explain what is happening with the above two atoms.
> This diagram shows
static electricity through electron transfer. One atom (bottom) is losing an electron, becoming a positively charged ion. The other atom (top) is gaining that electron, becoming a negatively charged ion. This transfer creates an imbalance of charge — the basis of static electricity.
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3. This diagram shows ________.
>
Electric current in a conductor.
*Label and explain what is happening in the conductor above:*
> In the conductor (metal wire),
free electrons (–) are moving from the negative terminal (left side, where electrons enter) toward the positive terminal (right side, where electrons leave). The
positive ions (+) remain fixed in place in the metal lattice. The movement of electrons constitutes
electric current, which flows from negative to positive (opposite to conventional current direction).
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4. All matter is made of __atoms__.
5. Small particles in an atom have an __electric__ charge.
6. Electrons have a __negative__ charge.
7. Protons have a __positive__ charge.
8. Inner orbiting electrons are called __core electrons__.
*(Note: For elementary level, sometimes “inner electrons” or “bound electrons” is acceptable. “Core electrons” is technically correct.)*
9. Outer orbiting electrons are called __valence electrons__.
*(These are involved in chemical bonding and electricity flow.)*
10. We use wires to produce an orderly __flow of electrons (or electric current)__.
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✔ Summary of Key Concepts Covered:
- Atoms consist of protons (+), neutrons (neutral), and electrons (–).
- Electricity involves the movement of electrons.
- Static electricity = transfer of electrons between objects.
- Current electricity = continuous, directional flow of electrons through a conductor (like a wire).
- Valence electrons are key to conductivity and chemical reactions.
This worksheet introduces foundational concepts of atomic structure and how they relate to electricity — perfect for middle school science!
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