Cell Structure and Function Vocabulary Review online exercise for ... - Free Printable

Let's solve this Cell Structure and Function Vocabulary Review worksheet step by step.

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Step 1: Match each definition to the correct term (A–O)

We’ll go through each numbered definition and match it with the correct letter from the list on the right.

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1. A thick fluid composed of mainly water that fills the cell and is enclosed by the cell membrane.
→ This is the cytoplasm.
✔ O. Cytoplasm

2. Modifies and packages molecules into a vesicle that are transported around the cell or secreted outside of the cell.
→ This describes the Golgi apparatus (Golgi bodies).
✔ D. Golgi bodies

3. Cells that contain a nucleus and organelles and are enclosed by a cell membrane.
→ These are eukaryotic cells.
✔ J. Eukaryotic cell

4. Protein builders that can be free-floating or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
→ These are ribosomes.
✔ H. Ribosome

5. A specialized vesicle that contains digestive enzymes to break down cell waste.
→ This is a lysosome.
✔ N. Lysosome

6. The site of photosynthesis which allows plants to change sunlight into chemical energy.
→ This is the chloroplast.
✔ F. Chloroplast

7. Free-floating organelles that take in nutrients, break them down, and create energy-rich molecules for the cell.
→ These are mitochondria.
✔ E. Mitochondria

8. An organelle important for synthesizing and storing lipids and steroids.
→ This is the smooth ER.
✔ C. Smooth ER

9. Studded with ribosomes, this organelle is involved in protein production, protein folding, and export to other parts of the cell.
→ This is the rough ER.
✔ I. Rough ER

10. Called the control center because it contains the instructions for determining and controlling what a cell looks like and what it does.
→ This is the nucleus.
✔ A. Nucleus

11. Made of protein strands called microtubules and aids in cell division.
→ This is the centrioles.
✔ K. Centrioles

12. A protective layer outside the cell membrane that provides shape and support to plant cells.
→ This is the cell wall.
✔ M. Cell wall

13. Membrane-bound compartments that store water, salts, proteins, and other materials needed by the cell.
→ These are vacuoles.
✔ L. Vacuoles

14. A primitive cell type that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
→ This is a prokaryotic cell.
✔ G. Prokaryotic cell

15. A phospholipid bilayer that provides protection and support, as well as controls what goes in and out of the cell.
→ This is the cell membrane.
✔ B. Cell membrane

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✔ Final Matching Answers:

| Number | Term |
|--------|------|
| 1 | O. Cytoplasm |
| 2 | D. Golgi bodies |
| 3 | J. Eukaryotic cell |
| 4 | H. Ribosome |
| 5 | N. Lysosome |
| 6 | F. Chloroplast |
| 7 | E. Mitochondria |
| 8 | C. Smooth ER |
| 9 | I. Rough ER |
| 10 | A. Nucleus |
| 11 | K. Centrioles |
| 12 | M. Cell wall |
| 13 | L. Vacuoles |
| 14 | G. Prokaryotic cell |
| 15 | B. Cell membrane |

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Step 2: Label the Diagrams

Now let’s follow the instructions for labeling the diagrams.

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#### Figure 1: Simple diagram of a cell with a single circular structure and some internal features.

- This appears to represent a prokaryotic cell, since it has no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.
- The label should be: G. Prokaryotic cell

> ✔ Label Figure 1 → G. Prokaryotic cell

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#### Figure 2: Complex diagram with nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, etc.

- This is a plant cell (has chloroplasts and cell wall).
- It's a eukaryotic cell.
- The label should be: J. Eukaryotic cell

> ✔ Label Figure 2 → J. Eukaryotic cell

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#### Figure 3: Analogy of a cell as a school

This is a metaphor where parts of the cell are compared to parts of a school.

Let’s match each part:

- School entrance → Controls entry and exit → Cell membrane (B)
- Teachers & staff → Direct operations → Nucleus (A) (control center)
- Principal office/Main office → Control center → Nucleus (A) again? Wait — but only one box per item.

Wait — actually, let's see the boxes:

- School entrance → Cell membrane (B)
- Teachers & staff → Nucleus (A)? No — teachers are like the nucleus, but the nucleus is the "brain". But “teachers” might be more like ribosomes or organelles?

But looking at standard analogies:

- Principal’s office / Main office = Nucleus (A) — control center
- Teachers & staff = Ribosomes (H) or Organelles — but not a direct match.

Wait — better interpretation:

- School entrance → Cell membrane (B) — controls what comes in/out
- Principal’s office → Nucleus (A) — control center
- Cabinets → Vacuoles (L) — storage
- Air that fills the hallways → Cytoplasm (O) — fluid filling the cell

So:

- School entrance = B. Cell membrane
- Principal office = A. Nucleus
- Cabinets = L. Vacuoles
- Air in hallways = O. Cytoplasm

> ✔ Fill in:
> - School entrance → B
> - Principal office → A
> - Cabinets → L
> - Air → O

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#### Figure 4: Venn diagram comparing Plant and Animal cells

We need to place letters in the correct regions.

Let’s recall:

- Plant cells have: Cell wall, chloroplasts, large central vacuole
- Animal cells have: Centrioles, lysosomes (some), no cell wall, no chloroplasts
- Both have: Nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, ER, Golgi, cytoplasm, cell membrane

Now assign based on definitions:

1. Chloroplast (F) → Only in Plant
2. Cell wall (M) → Only in Plant
3. Centrioles (K) → Only in Animal (usually)
4. Lysosome (N) → Both (but more prominent in animal cells; often listed as shared)
5. Vacuoles (L) → Both (but large central vacuole in plant cells)
6. Mitochondria (E) → Both
7. Ribosome (H) → Both
8. Rough ER (I) → Both
9. Smooth ER (C) → Both
10. Golgi bodies (D) → Both
11. Nucleus (A) → Both
12. Cytoplasm (O) → Both
13. Cell membrane (B) → Both

Now, place accordingly:

##### Only Plant:
- F. Chloroplast
- M. Cell wall

##### Only Animal:
- K. Centrioles

##### Both (Overlap):
- A. Nucleus
- B. Cell membrane
- C. Smooth ER
- D. Golgi bodies
- E. Mitochondria
- H. Ribosome
- I. Rough ER
- L. Vacuoles
- N. Lysosome
- O. Cytoplasm

> Note: While lysosomes are more common in animal cells, they are present in both eukaryotes. So include in overlap.

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✔ Final Diagram Labels:

#### Figure 3: School Analogy
- School entrance → B
- Principal office → A
- Cabinets → L
- Air in hallways → O

#### Figure 4: Venn Diagram

- Plant only:
- F. Chloroplast
- M. Cell wall

- Animal only:
- K. Centrioles

- Both (Overlap):
- A. Nucleus
- B. Cell membrane
- C. Smooth ER
- D. Golgi bodies
- E. Mitochondria
- H. Ribosome
- I. Rough ER
- L. Vacuoles
- N. Lysosome
- O. Cytoplasm

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✔ Summary of All Answers

#### Matching:
1. O
2. D
3. J
4. H
5. N
6. F
7. E
8. C
9. I
10. A
11. K
12. M
13. L
14. G
15. B

#### Figures:

- Figure 1: G (Prokaryotic cell)
- Figure 2: J (Eukaryotic cell)
- Figure 3:
- School entrance → B
- Principal office → A
- Cabinets → L
- Air → O
- Figure 4 (Venn Diagram):
- Plant only: F, M
- Animal only: K
- Both: A, B, C, D, E, H, I, L, N, O

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✔ Final Answer Key (Complete)

| # | Answer |
|---|--------|
| 1 | O |
| 2 | D |
| 3 | J |
| 4 | H |
| 5 | N |
| 6 | F |
| 7 | E |
| 8 | C |
| 9 | I |
| 10 | A |
| 11 | K |
| 12 | M |
| 13 | L |
| 14 | G |
| 15 | B |

Figure 1: G
Figure 2: J
Figure 3:
- School entrance → B
- Principal office → A
- Cabinets → L
- Air → O
Figure 4:
- Plant only: F, M
- Animal only: K
- Both: A, B, C, D, E, H, I, L, N, O

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