History worksheet covering the shift from trade to territory in India, with fill-in-the-blanks and multiple-choice questions.

Worksheet 1: From Trade to Territory

#### Section 1: Fill in the blanks

1. Men on horses were called _________.
- Answer: Cavalry

2. _________ was the last powerful Mughal ruler.
- Answer: Aurangzeb

3. Vasco da Gama discovered the sea route between _________ and _________.
- Answer: Europe, India

4. The Indian soldiers in the Company’s army were called _________.
- Answer: Sepoys

5. The first English factory was set up on the banks of the river _________.
- Answer: Hughli (Hooghly)

6. _________ succeeded Siraj-ud-daulah as the Nawab of Bengal.
- Answer: Mir Jafar

7. _________ was the first state to accept the subsidiary alliance.
- Answer: Awadh (Oudh)

8. The office of Peshwa was abolished after the _________ war.
- Answer: Third Anglo-Maratha War

9. The first Anglo-Mysore war is also known as the _________ war.
- Answer: Hyder Ali War

10. The Doctrine of Lapse was devised by _________.
- Answer: Lord Dalhousie

11. Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the ruler of _________.
- Answer: Punjab

12. The death of _________ led to a civil war in Punjab.
- Answer: Maharaja Ranjit Singh

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#### Section 2: Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who granted the right to duty-free trade to the Company?
- Options:
- (i) Robert Clive
- (ii) Alivardi Khan
- (iii) King Charles II
- (iv) Aurangzeb
- Answer: (ii) Alivardi Khan

2. The Battle of Plassey took place between:
- Options:
- (i) Robert Clive and Sirajuddaulah
- (ii) Sirajuddaulah and Mir Jafar
- (iii) Mir Jafar and Tipu Sultan
- (iv) Tipu Sultan and Robert Clive
- Answer: (i) Robert Clive and Sirajuddaulah

3. The Battle of Buxar took place in:
- Options:
- (i) 1764
- (ii) 1775
- (iii) 1765
- (iv) 1757
- Answer: (i) 1764

4. Doctrine of Lapse was devised by:
- Options:
- (i) Mir Qasim
- (ii) Sirajuddaulah
- (iii) Lord Dalhousie
- (iv) Robert Clive
- Answer: (iii) Lord Dalhousie

5. The right to collect revenue was called:
- Options:
- (i) alliance
- (ii) diwani
- (iii) nabobs
- (iv) mercantile
- Answer: (ii) diwani

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Explanation of Key Concepts

1. Cavalry: Men on horses were called cavalry. They played a crucial role in battles during the medieval and early modern periods.

2. Aurangzeb: The last powerful Mughal ruler, Aurangzeb (reigned 1658–1707), expanded the Mughal Empire to its greatest extent but also oversaw its decline due to prolonged wars and internal strife.

3. Vasco da Gama: He discovered the sea route from Europe to India in 1498, which opened up direct maritime trade between Europe and Asia.

4. Sepoys: Indian soldiers who served under the British East India Company. They were an integral part of the Company's military forces.

5. First English Factory at Hughli: The British East India Company established its first factory (trading post) on the banks of the Hughli River in 1651.

6. Mir Jafar: After defeating Siraj-ud-daulah in the Battle of Plassey (1757), Mir Jafar became the Nawab of Bengal under British influence.

7. Awadh (Oudh): This state was the first to accept the subsidiary alliance system, which allowed the British to station troops in the state and interfere in its internal affairs.

8. Third Anglo-Maratha War: This war resulted in the defeat of the Marathas and the abolition of the Peshwa's office, marking the end of Maratha power.

9. Hyder Ali War: The first Anglo-Mysore war (1767–1769) was fought between the British and Hyder Ali, the ruler of Mysore.

10. Doctrine of Lapse: Introduced by Lord Dalhousie in 1848, this policy stated that if a princely state's ruler died without a male heir, the state would lapse into British control.

11. Maharaja Ranjit Singh: Known as the "Lion of the Punjab," he ruled the Sikh Empire from 1799 to 1839. His death led to internal conflicts and the eventual annexation of Punjab by the British.

12. Alivardi Khan: He granted the British East India Company the right to duty-free trade in Bengal, which helped them establish a strong economic foothold in India.

13. Battle of Plassey: Fought in 1757 between the British (led by Robert Clive) and the Nawab of Bengal (Siraj-ud-daulah). The victory of the British marked the beginning of British dominance in India.

14. Battle of Buxar: Fought in 1764 between the British and the combined forces of the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II, Shuja-ud-Daulah (Nawab of Awadh), and Mir Qasim (Nawab of Bengal). The British victory strengthened their position in northern India.

15. Doctrine of Lapse: A policy introduced by Lord Dalhousie to annex princely states without heirs, leading to the expansion of British territories in India.

16. Diwani: The right to collect land revenue, granted to the British East India Company by the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II in 1765 after the Battle of Buxar.

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Final Answers

#### Section 1: Fill in the blanks
1. Cavalry
2. Aurangzeb
3. Europe, India
4. Sepoys
5. Hughli (Hooghly)
6. Mir Jafar
7. Awadh (Oudh)
8. Third Anglo-Maratha War
9. Hyder Ali War
10. Lord Dalhousie
11. Punjab
12. Maharaja Ranjit Singh

#### Section 2: Multiple Choice Questions
1. (ii) Alivardi Khan
2. (i) Robert Clive and Sirajuddaulah
3. (i) 1764
4. (iii) Lord Dalhousie
5. (ii) diwani

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Final Answer Box:
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\text{See detailed answers above.}
}