The Circulatory System Worksheet.pdf - Free Printable
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Step-by-step solution for: The Circulatory System Worksheet.pdf
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Step-by-step solution for: The Circulatory System Worksheet.pdf
Here is the completed worksheet with answers and explanations:
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The Circulatory System Worksheet
1. Which of the following is NOT one of the three main components of the circulatory system?
Answer: b. Lungs
*Explanation:* The three main components of the circulatory system are:
- Heart – pumps blood throughout the body.
- Blood – carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste.
- Blood vessels – tubes (arteries, veins, capillaries) that carry blood.
The lungs are part of the *respiratory system*, although they work closely with the circulatory system to oxygenate blood. They are not a structural component of the circulatory system itself.
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2. More than half of your blood is made of a liquid called ________.
Answer: Plasma
*Explanation:* Blood is composed of about 55% plasma (a yellowish liquid containing water, proteins, salts, and other dissolved substances) and 45% formed elements (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets).
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3. Each type of blood cell has a different function. Explain the function of each type of cell.
a. Function of Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells):
Answer: Carry oxygen from the lungs to all body tissues and return carbon dioxide from tissues back to the lungs.
*Explanation:* Erythrocytes contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen. Their unique biconcave shape maximizes surface area for gas exchange.
b. Function of Platelets (Thrombocytes):
Answer: Help in clotting the blood to stop bleeding when you get a cut or injury.
*Explanation:* Platelets stick to damaged blood vessel walls and clump together to form a plug, initiating the clotting process to prevent blood loss.
c. Function of Leukocytes (White Blood Cells):
Answer: Defend the body against infection and disease by attacking pathogens like bacteria and viruses.
*Explanation:* White blood cells are part of the immune system. Different types (like neutrophils, lymphocytes, etc.) identify, engulf, or destroy foreign invaders.
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4. Blood vessels that carry blood FROM the heart to the body are called ________.
Answer: Arteries
*Explanation:* Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the tissues (except for the pulmonary artery, which carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs).
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5. Blood vessels that carry blood TO the heart from the body are called ________.
Answer: Veins
*Explanation:* Veins return deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart (except for the pulmonary veins, which carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart).
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6. Name two substances that move from the blood into cells as the blood flows through the capillaries.
Answer: Oxygen and Nutrients (e.g., glucose, amino acids)
*Explanation:* Capillaries are tiny blood vessels where exchange occurs between blood and tissues. Oxygen and nutrients diffuse out of the blood into cells, while waste products like carbon dioxide and urea diffuse from cells into the blood.
*(Other acceptable answers: glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, water, hormones — any two substances delivered to cells.)*
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7. The main artery of the body is called the ________.
Answer: Aorta
*Explanation:* The aorta is the largest and main artery in the human body. It originates from the left ventricle of the heart and carries oxygenated blood to the systemic circulation via its many branches.
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✔ All questions answered with clear explanations based on human circulatory system anatomy and physiology.
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The Circulatory System Worksheet
1. Which of the following is NOT one of the three main components of the circulatory system?
Answer: b. Lungs
*Explanation:* The three main components of the circulatory system are:
- Heart – pumps blood throughout the body.
- Blood – carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste.
- Blood vessels – tubes (arteries, veins, capillaries) that carry blood.
The lungs are part of the *respiratory system*, although they work closely with the circulatory system to oxygenate blood. They are not a structural component of the circulatory system itself.
---
2. More than half of your blood is made of a liquid called ________.
Answer: Plasma
*Explanation:* Blood is composed of about 55% plasma (a yellowish liquid containing water, proteins, salts, and other dissolved substances) and 45% formed elements (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets).
---
3. Each type of blood cell has a different function. Explain the function of each type of cell.
a. Function of Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells):
Answer: Carry oxygen from the lungs to all body tissues and return carbon dioxide from tissues back to the lungs.
*Explanation:* Erythrocytes contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen. Their unique biconcave shape maximizes surface area for gas exchange.
b. Function of Platelets (Thrombocytes):
Answer: Help in clotting the blood to stop bleeding when you get a cut or injury.
*Explanation:* Platelets stick to damaged blood vessel walls and clump together to form a plug, initiating the clotting process to prevent blood loss.
c. Function of Leukocytes (White Blood Cells):
Answer: Defend the body against infection and disease by attacking pathogens like bacteria and viruses.
*Explanation:* White blood cells are part of the immune system. Different types (like neutrophils, lymphocytes, etc.) identify, engulf, or destroy foreign invaders.
---
4. Blood vessels that carry blood FROM the heart to the body are called ________.
Answer: Arteries
*Explanation:* Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the tissues (except for the pulmonary artery, which carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs).
---
5. Blood vessels that carry blood TO the heart from the body are called ________.
Answer: Veins
*Explanation:* Veins return deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart (except for the pulmonary veins, which carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart).
---
6. Name two substances that move from the blood into cells as the blood flows through the capillaries.
Answer: Oxygen and Nutrients (e.g., glucose, amino acids)
*Explanation:* Capillaries are tiny blood vessels where exchange occurs between blood and tissues. Oxygen and nutrients diffuse out of the blood into cells, while waste products like carbon dioxide and urea diffuse from cells into the blood.
*(Other acceptable answers: glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, water, hormones — any two substances delivered to cells.)*
---
7. The main artery of the body is called the ________.
Answer: Aorta
*Explanation:* The aorta is the largest and main artery in the human body. It originates from the left ventricle of the heart and carries oxygenated blood to the systemic circulation via its many branches.
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✔ All questions answered with clear explanations based on human circulatory system anatomy and physiology.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of the circulatory system worksheet.
