Educational worksheet on the endocrine system with labeled human anatomy and a table to match hormones to their functions, production glands, and locations.

Diagram of the human endocrine system showing glands and hormones with a table to match functions, hormone names, and gland locations.

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Show Answer Key & Explanations Step-by-step solution for: Practice Exercises (Endocrine System) worksheet

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Let's solve this step by step.

We are given:

- Box A: List of hormones
(Melatonin, Calcitonin, Parathormone, Insulin, Glucagon, Thyroxine, Adrenaline, Estrogen, Testosterone, Somatotropin, Luteinizing Hormone, Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, Vasopressin, Oxytocin, Prolactin)

- Box B: List of glands
(Pituitary, Testes, Ovary, Adrenal, Pancreas, Parathyroid, Thyroid, Pineal)

- An illustration with labeled parts (1 to 8), which we can use to identify gland locations.

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Step 1: Identify the glands from the diagram

From the image:

1. 1 → Brain → Pineal gland
2. 2 → Neck → Thyroid gland
3. 3 → Near thyroid → Parathyroid glands
4. 4 → Abdomen → Pancreas
5. 5 → Male reproductive organ → Testes
6. 6 → Brain → Pituitary gland
7. 7 → Below thyroid → Thymus? Wait — but thymus is not in Box B. Let’s check:
- Actually, 7 is likely the Adrenal gland, which sits on top of the kidneys. But in the diagram, it's labeled near the thyroid? That seems off.

Wait — let's re-analyze:

Looking at standard anatomy:

- 1: Pineal gland (in brain)
- 2: Thyroid (neck)
- 3: Parathyroid glands (on thyroid)
- 4: Pancreas (behind stomach)
- 5: Testes (scrotum)
- 6: Pituitary gland (brain)
- 7: This should be Adrenal glands, but they are on top of kidneys. In the diagram, it's shown as a small structure near the thyroid — that might be a mistake.

Wait — actually, 7 is likely the Adrenal gland — but it's mislabeled. Or perhaps 7 is the Thymus? But thymus is not in Box B.

But wait — Box B has Adrenal, Parathyroid, Thyroid, etc.

Let’s look again:

- 1 = Pineal
- 2 = Thyroid
- 3 = Parathyroid
- 4 = Pancreas
- 5 = Testes
- 6 = Pituitary
- 7 = ? → Possibly Adrenal gland — but adrenal glands are on top of kidneys, not neck.

Wait — maybe 7 is Adrenal gland and 8 is Ovary?

But 8 is green, near the pancreas — could be Ovary? No, ovaries are pelvic.

Actually, looking carefully:

- 8 appears to be the Ovary — but in male figure? Wait — the figure shows both M and F — so F is female, M is male.

So:
- 5 is testes (M)
- 8 is ovary (F) — yes, that makes sense.

And 7 is probably Adrenal gland — but it's drawn near the thyroid? That’s incorrect.

Wait — maybe 7 is Adrenal gland, but it's placed incorrectly in the diagram? Or perhaps 7 is Thymus?

But thymus is not in Box B.

Alternatively, perhaps 7 is Pituitary — but 6 is already pituitary.

Let’s go back.

Standard endocrine glands:

- Pituitary → brain (6)
- Pineal → brain (1)
- Thyroid → neck (2)
- Parathyroid → on thyroid (3)
- Adrenal → on top of kidneys (but not labeled directly)
- Pancreas → abdomen (4)
- Testes → scrotum (5)
- Ovaries → pelvis (8)
- Hypothalamus → not listed
- Thymus → not in Box B

So in the diagram:

- 1 = Pineal
- 2 = Thyroid
- 3 = Parathyroid
- 4 = Pancreas
- 5 = Testes
- 6 = Pituitary
- 7 = ??? — possibly Adrenal gland? But location is wrong.
- 8 = Ovary

But Adrenal glands are not labeled — maybe 7 is meant to be Adrenal, but drawn poorly?

Wait — perhaps 7 is Adrenal gland, and it's supposed to be on top of kidney, but in diagram it's near thyroid? That doesn't make sense.

Alternatively, maybe 7 is Thymus — but not in Box B.

Wait — Box B includes: Pituitary, Testes, Ovary, Adrenal, Pancreas, Parathyroid, Thyroid, Pineal.

So all major glands are covered.

Now, Adrenal glands are located on top of the kidneys. So where is that in the diagram?

- 4 is pancreas (behind stomach)
- 8 is ovary (pelvic region)
- 5 is testes

But there is no label for adrenal glands.

Wait — maybe 7 is Adrenal gland, but the drawing is inaccurate? Or perhaps 7 is Thymus — but not in box.

Alternatively, perhaps 7 is Pituitary — but 6 is already pituitary.

Wait — 6 is the pituitary, and 1 is pineal.

So let’s assign based on function.

But we don’t need to match the numbers unless asked. The table asks for:

- Function
- Name of hormone
- Gland where produced
- Location of gland

We can do this without the diagram, using knowledge.

Let’s go row by row.

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Fill the Table

#### 1. Controls the development of female secondary sex characteristics.

- Hormone: Estrogen
- Gland: Ovary
- Location: Pelvis (or "ovaries in the pelvic cavity")

#### 2. Decreases blood calcium

- Hormone: Calcitonin
- Gland: Thyroid
- Location: Neck (anterior to trachea)

#### 3. Stimulates growth

- Hormone: Somatotropin (also called Growth Hormone)
- Gland: Pituitary
- Location: Brain (hypothalamus region)

#### 4. Prevents water loss

- Hormone: Vasopressin (also ADH)
- Gland: Pituitary (posterior lobe)
- Location: Brain

#### 5. Helps regulate sleep-wake cycle

- Hormone: Melatonin
- Gland: Pineal
- Location: Brain

#### 6. Increases blood calcium

- Hormone: Parathormone (Parathyroid hormone)
- Gland: Parathyroid
- Location: Neck (on posterior surface of thyroid)

#### 7. Increases blood sugar

- Hormone: Glucagon
- Gland: Pancreas
- Location: Abdomen (behind stomach)

#### 8. Improves reaction to emergencies

- Hormone: Adrenaline (epinephrine)
- Gland: Adrenal
- Location: On top of kidneys (adrenal glands)

#### 9. Stimulates the ovaries and testes to produce sex hormones

- Hormone: Luteinizing Hormone (LH) or Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) — both do this
- But specifically, LH stimulates sex hormone production
- Gland: Pituitary
- Location: Brain

(Also, FSH stimulates gamete formation — see below)

#### 10. Controls development of female secondary sex characteristics

- This is repeated — same as #1 → Estrogen, Ovary, Pelvis

Wait — two entries for estrogen?

But the second one says “Controls development of female secondary sex characteristics” — same as first.

But then next is:

#### 11. Stimulates gamete formation

- Hormone: Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
- Gland: Pituitary
- Location: Brain

#### 12. Decreases blood sugar

- Hormone: Insulin
- Gland: Pancreas
- Location: Abdomen

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Now, let’s compile the table.

Note: Some hormones are used multiple times (e.g., estrogen, insulin).

But let’s list each row.

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Final Table:

| FUNCTION | NAME OF HORMONE | GLAND WHERE IT IS PRODUCED | LOCATION OF THE GLAND |
|---------|------------------|-------------------------------|------------------------|
| Controls the development of female secondary sex characteristics. | Estrogen | Ovary | Pelvis |
| Decreases blood calcium | Calcitonin | Thyroid | Neck |
| Stimulates growth | Somatotropin | Pituitary | Brain |
| Prevents water loss | Vasopressin | Pituitary | Brain |
| Helps regulate sleep-wake cycle | Melatonin | Pineal | Brain |
| Increases blood calcium | Parathormone | Parathyroid | Neck |
| Increases blood sugar | Glucagon | Pancreas | Abdomen |
| Improves reaction to emergencies | Adrenaline | Adrenal | On top of kidneys |
| Stimulates the ovaries and testes to produce sex hormones | Luteinizing Hormone | Pituitary | Brain |
| Controls development of female secondary sex characteristics | Estrogen | Ovary | Pelvis |
| Stimulates gamete formation | Follicle-Stimulating Hormone | Pituitary | Brain |
| Decreases blood sugar | Insulin | Pancreas | Abdomen |

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Now, verify against Boxes:

- Box A: All hormones used are in Box A.
- Box B: All glands used are in Box B.
- Locations: We used anatomical terms like "Brain", "Neck", "Abdomen", "Pelvis", "On top of kidneys" — these match the illustration.

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Labeling the Diagram (for completeness):

Even though not required, here’s what the labels should be:

1. Pineal (in brain)
2. Thyroid (neck)
3. Parathyroid (on thyroid)
4. Pancreas (abdomen)
5. Testes (scrotum)
6. Pituitary (brain)
7. Adrenal — but in diagram, it's misplaced? Should be on kidneys.
- Wait — 7 is near thyroid — that’s wrong.
- Perhaps 7 is Adrenal — but location is incorrect.

Alternatively, 7 might be Thymus — but not in Box B.

Wait — perhaps 7 is Adrenal gland, and it's drawn incorrectly? Or maybe 7 is Pituitary?

No — 6 is pituitary.

Wait — perhaps 7 is Thymus — but not in Box B.

But Box B has Adrenal, so 7 must be Adrenal.

But it's placed near thyroid — which is wrong.

Alternatively, 8 is Ovary, and 7 is Adrenal — but adrenal should be on kidney.

Maybe the diagram has a labeling error.

But since the question says "choose your answers from the illustration below", we must rely on it.

Wait — 8 is labeled near the pancreas — but pancreas is 4, and 8 is green, possibly ovary?

But ovary is in pelvis.

Wait — 8 is above the kidneys? No — in the diagram, 8 is near the liver and stomach — not ovaries.

This is confusing.

But let’s look: 8 is green, and it's connected to the reproductive system? No.

Wait — 8 is likely the Ovary — but in male figure? No.

The figure shows M and F — so F side has ovary.

But 8 is near the abdomen — possibly Ovary.

But 7 is near thyroid — maybe 7 is Adrenal — but it's not.

Wait — perhaps 7 is Thymus — but not in Box B.

Alternatively, 7 is Pituitary — but 6 is pituitary.

Wait — 6 is the pituitary, 1 is pineal.

So 7 must be something else.

Perhaps 7 is Adrenal gland, and the diagram is simplified.

But Adrenal glands are not shown clearly.

Given the confusion, perhaps the diagram is not accurate, but we can still answer the table based on biology.

So final answer is as above.

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