Transcription and Translation by Good Science Worksheets | TPT - Free Printable

Let’s go step by step to label the diagram correctly.

We are given a word list:
- amino acid
- anticodon
- codon
- DNA – coding strand
- DNA – template strand
- mRNA (messenger RNA)
- rRNA (ribosomal RNA)
- ribosome
- tRNA with amino acid
- tRNA without amino acid
- transcription
- translation

The diagram has two main parts:

Top part: Shows DNA being copied into mRNA → this is transcription.
Bottom part: Shows mRNA being read by ribosome to make protein → this is translation.

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Step 1: Label the top section (Transcription)

In the top box, we see double-stranded DNA unwinding. One strand is used as a template to build mRNA.

- The DNA strand that is *not* being copied → DNA – coding strand
- The DNA strand that *is* being copied → DNA – template strand
- The new single strand being made from DNA → mRNA (messenger RNA)
- The whole process happening here → transcription

Also, there’s an arrow pointing to the area where mRNA is being built — that’s where transcription occurs.

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Step 2: Label the bottom section (Translation)

In the bottom box, we see:

- A large structure reading the mRNA → that’s the ribosome (made of rRNA and proteins)
- Inside the ribosome, we see small molecules carrying amino acids → those are tRNA with amino acid
- Some tRNAs have no amino acid attached → tRNA without amino acid
- On the mRNA, every 3 letters form a code → that’s a codon
- On the tRNA, the 3-letter sequence that matches the codon → that’s the anticodon
- The little circles attached to tRNA → those are amino acids
- The whole process of making protein from mRNA → translation

Also, note: ribosomes contain rRNA, so if there’s a label pointing to the ribosome’s internal structure, it might be rRNA — but in most diagrams like this, “ribosome” labels the whole complex.

Looking at the blank boxes on the right side of the diagram:

There are 4 blank rectangular boxes on the right — likely for labeling key structures or processes.

From top to bottom:

1. Top box (next to DNA/mRNA synthesis) → should be transcription
2. Second box (pointing to the mRNA strand coming out) → could be mRNA (messenger RNA) — but wait, let’s check alignment.

Actually, looking again — the diagram probably expects us to label specific lines/structures with arrows.

But since the user didn’t provide exact arrow positions, I’ll assume standard labeling based on common textbook diagrams.

Typical labeling for such a diagram:

Left side (top):
- Double helix opening up → one strand labeled “DNA – template strand”, other “DNA – coding strand”
- New strand growing → “mRNA”
- Process name → “transcription”

Right side (bottom):
- Big oval structure → “ribosome”
- Molecules bringing amino acids → “tRNA with amino acid”
- Empty tRNAs leaving → “tRNA without amino acid”
- Triplets on mRNA → “codon”
- Matching triplets on tRNA → “anticodon”
- Small circles → “amino acid”
- Whole bottom process → “translation”
- Ribosome contains → “rRNA” (sometimes labeled inside ribosome)

Now, matching to the 4 blank boxes on the far right (vertical stack):

Usually, these correspond to:

Top box → points to transcription area → transcription

Second box → points to mRNA strand → mRNA (messenger RNA)

Third box → points to ribosome → ribosome

Fourth box → points to translation process → translation

Wait — but there are more than 4 terms. Let me count the blanks.

Looking back at original image description: There are multiple arrows and 4 vertical blank boxes on the right.

Actually, re-examining: In many versions of this diagram, the 4 right-side boxes are for:

1. Transcription (process)
2. mRNA
3. Ribosome
4. Translation (process)

And then within the diagram, you label:

- DNA strands
- Codons, anticodons
- tRNAs
- Amino acids
- rRNA (inside ribosome)

But since the instruction says “label the diagram below using the following word list”, and there are 12 words, we need to assign each term to its correct location.

However, without seeing exact arrow placements, I must rely on standard biological diagram conventions.

Let me reconstruct logically:

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Final Label Assignment (based on standard diagram):

Top Section (Transcription):

- Left DNA strand (being read) → DNA – template strand
- Right DNA strand (not being read) → DNA – coding strand
- Newly synthesized RNA strand → mRNA (messenger RNA)
- Enzyme/process area → transcription

Bottom Section (Translation):

- Large cellular machine → ribosome
- Inside ribosome, structural RNA → rRNA (ribosomal RNA) *(if labeled separately)*
- mRNA thread going through ribosome → already labeled above? Or maybe not — sometimes mRNA is only labeled once.
- Each group of 3 bases on mRNA → codon
- Each tRNA molecule carrying amino acid → tRNA with amino acid
- Each tRNA after releasing amino acid → tRNA without amino acid
- The 3-base match on tRNA → anticodon
- The building blocks → amino acid
- Overall process → translation

Now, for the 4 vertical blank boxes on the right edge — they typically label major components/processes vertically aligned with their regions.

So:

Box 1 (topmost, next to DNA/RNA synthesis) → transcription

Box 2 (middle-top, next to mRNA exiting nucleus?) → mRNA (messenger RNA)

Box 3 (middle-bottom, next to ribosome) → ribosome

Box 4 (bottom, next to protein chain forming) → translation

That uses 4 terms.

Remaining terms to place inside diagram:

- DNA – coding strand
- DNA – template strand
- codon
- anticodon
- tRNA with amino acid
- tRNA without amino acid
- amino acid
- rRNA

These would be labeled with arrows pointing to specific parts within the drawing.

Since the problem asks to “label the diagram below using the following word list”, and assuming all 12 terms must be placed, here's how:

Assume the diagram has:

- Two DNA strands → label them
- One mRNA strand → label it
- Four tRNA molecules shown: two with amino acids, two empty → label accordingly
- Three codons visible on mRNA → label one as "codon"
- Three anticodons on tRNAs → label one as "anticodon"
- Several amino acid circles → label one as "amino acid"
- Ribosome structure → label as "ribosome", and possibly internal part as "rRNA"
- Two process names: transcription and translation → label areas
- And the four side boxes for major labels

Given constraints, I'll provide the most logical assignment.

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After careful review, here is the correct labeling:

For the 4 vertical boxes on the right (from top to bottom):

1. transcription
2. mRNA (messenger RNA)
3. ribosome
4. translation

Within the diagram (arrows pointing to specific parts):

- Top left DNA strand (template) → DNA – template strand
- Top right DNA strand (non-template) → DNA – coding strand
- mRNA strand being synthesized → already covered by box 2? If not, label it directly. But since box 2 is "mRNA", perhaps no separate arrow needed.
- Inside ribosome → rRNA (ribosomal RNA) *(if there’s an arrow inside the ribosome)*
- On mRNA, any triplet → codon
- On tRNA, matching triplet → anticodon
- tRNA holding amino acid → tRNA with amino acid
- tRNA that released amino acid → tRNA without amino acid
- Circle attached to tRNA → amino acid

Note: Since “ribosome” is already in box 3, and “rRNA” is a component, if there’s an arrow inside the ribosome, label it “rRNA”.

Similarly, “translation” is in box 4, so the area doesn’t need another label.

To avoid duplication, we assign each term exactly once.

Final mapping:

Vertical Boxes (right side, top to bottom):

1. transcription
2. mRNA (messenger RNA)
3. ribosome
4. translation

Internal Labels (with arrows):

- DNA template strand → DNA – template strand
- DNA coding strand → DNA – coding strand
- Triplet on mRNA → codon
- Triplet on tRNA → anticodon
- tRNA carrying amino acid → tRNA with amino acid
- tRNA without amino acid → tRNA without amino acid
- Amino acid circle → amino acid
- Component inside ribosome → rRNA (ribosomal RNA)

That’s 12 terms total.

Perfect.

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Final Answer:
Vertical boxes (top to bottom):
1. transcription
2. mRNA (messenger RNA)
3. ribosome
4. translation

Internal labels:
- DNA strand being copied: DNA – template strand
- Other DNA strand: DNA – coding strand
- 3-letter code on mRNA: codon
- 3-letter code on tRNA: anticodon
- tRNA carrying amino acid: tRNA with amino acid
- tRNA after release: tRNA without amino acid
- Building block: amino acid
- Inside ribosome: rRNA (ribosomal RNA)