Science worksheet on water and its properties with interactive exercises.

Let's solve each part of the worksheet step by step and explain the solutions.

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1. Match: Write the correct letter next to the definition.

We are given four terms (A, B, C, D) and four definitions. We need to match them correctly.

Terms:
- A. Cohesion
- B. Adhesion
- C. Specific Heat
- D. Solvent

Definitions:

1. It sticks to other substances → This describes adhesion, which is the attraction between different substances (e.g., water sticking to glass).
✔ Answer: B. Adhesion

2. As water is warmed, its molecules are separated a little as the water expands → This refers to specific heat, which is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1°C. Water has high specific heat, so it absorbs heat slowly and expands when heated.
✔ Answer: C. Specific Heat

3. Water molecules stick together tightly because of their polarity → This is cohesion, the attraction between like molecules (water molecules attracting each other due to hydrogen bonding).
✔ Answer: A. Cohesion

4. It dissolves many things → This refers to water being a solvent, especially a universal solvent due to its polarity.
✔ Answer: D. Solvent

✔ Final Matching:

- A. Cohesion → Water molecules stick together tightly because of their polarity.
- B. Adhesion → It sticks to other substances
- C. Specific Heat → As water is warmed, its molecules are separated a little as the water expands
- D. Solvent → It dissolves many things

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2. Look at the molecules and write the name of the states

There are three diagrams showing water molecules in different arrangements:

1. First image (left): Molecules are arranged in a fixed, orderly pattern (crystal lattice).
→ This is solid water (ice).
✔ Answer: Solid

2. Second image (middle): Molecules are close but not in a fixed pattern; they move around each other.
→ This is liquid water.
✔ Answer: Liquid

3. Third image (right): Molecules are far apart and moving freely.
→ This is gas (water vapor).
✔ Answer: Gas

✔ Answers:
1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas

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3. Complete the following sentences

#### 1. The water molecule is formed by ________ and one of ________:

A water molecule (H₂O) consists of:
- Two hydrogen atoms
- One oxygen atom

✔ Answer: The water molecule is formed by two hydrogen atoms and one of oxygen atom.

> Note: The sentence seems slightly awkwardly phrased. It likely means: "The water molecule is formed by two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom."

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#### 2. The ________ charge is at the end of the mouse chin and the ________ charges are in the end of ears' mouse.

This is a metaphor using a "mouse" shape to represent the water molecule’s polarity.

- In a water molecule, the oxygen atom is more electronegative, so it pulls electrons toward itself.
- This creates a partial negative charge on the oxygen (the "chin" of the mouse).
- The hydrogen atoms have partial positive charges (the "ears").

So:
- The negative charge is at the end of the mouse chin (oxygen).
- The positive charges are at the ends of the ears (hydrogens).

✔ Answer: The negative charge is at the end of the mouse chin and the positive charges are in the end of ears’ mouse.

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#### 3. Water molecule is also known as ________ molecule.

Because water has a partial positive and negative charge (due to uneven electron distribution), it is called a polar molecule.

✔ Answer: Water molecule is also known as polar molecule.

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#### 4. ________ anything that has a positive charge at one end and negative charge at the other end is polarity

This sentence is asking for a definition or term.

The correct phrase should be: "Polarity is anything that has a positive charge at one end and negative charge at the other end."

But the blank is at the beginning. So we fill in the missing word.

✔ Answer: Polarity — anything that has a positive charge at one end and negative charge at the other end is polarity.

> However, the grammar is off. It should probably be: "Polarity is defined as..." But based on the structure, the intended answer is:

✔ Answer: Polarity

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✔ Final Answers Summary:

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1. Match:

- It sticks to other substances → B. Adhesion
- As water is warmed, its molecules are separated a little as the water expands → C. Specific Heat
- Water molecules stick together tightly because of their Polarity → A. Cohesion
- It dissolves many things → D. Solvent

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2. States of matter:

1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas

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3. Complete:

1. The water molecule is formed by two hydrogen atoms and one of oxygen atom.
2. The negative charge is at the end of the mouse chin and the positive charges are in the end of ears’ mouse.
3. Water molecule is also known as polar molecule.
4. Polarity — anything that has a positive charge at one end and negative charge at the other end is polarity.

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