Chemistry quiz asking students to draw orbital diagrams for various elements.

I'll solve this electron configuration and orbital diagram quiz for you. Let me work through each element step by step.

First, I need to understand what's being asked: I need to draw orbital diagrams (using boxes and arrows) and write full electron configurations for the listed elements.

Let me start with Phosphorus (P), which has atomic number 15.

Phosphorus (P) - Atomic Number 15
- Electron configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³
- Orbital diagram:
- 1s: ↑↓
- 2s: ↑↓
- 2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
- 3s: ↑↓
- 3p: ↑ ↑ ↑ (three unpaired electrons in separate p orbitals)

Sulfur (S) - Atomic Number 16
- Electron configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴
- Orbital diagram:
- 1s: ↑↓
- 2s: ↑↓
- 2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
- 3s: ↑↓
- 3p: ↑↓ ↑ ↑ (one paired, two unpaired electrons)

Aluminum (Al) - Atomic Number 13
- Electron configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹
- Orbital diagram:
- 1s: ↑↓
- 2s: ↑↓
- 2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
- 3s: ↑↓
- 3p: ↑ (one unpaired electron)

Potassium (K) - Atomic Number 19
- Electron configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s¹
- Orbital diagram:
- 1s: ↑↓
- 2s: ↑↓
- 2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
- 3s: ↑↓
- 3p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
- 4s: ↑ (one unpaired electron)

Argon (Ar) - Atomic Number 18
- Electron configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶
- Orbital diagram:
- 1s: ↑↓
- 2s: ↑↓
- 2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
- 3s: ↑↓
- 3p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ (all orbitals filled)

Now for the second part:

Chlorine (Cl) - Atomic Number 17
- Full electron configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵

Aluminum (Al) - Atomic Number 13
- Full electron configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹

The orbital diagrams should be drawn according to Hund's Rule (filling orbitals singly before pairing) and the Aufbau principle (filling from lowest to highest energy).

For the boxes in the worksheet, you would fill them with up and down arrows representing electrons with opposite spins, following the order of orbital filling.