Potential and Kinetic Energy | Assignments Physics | Docsity - Free Printable

Let's solve each question on the "Kinetic and Potential Energy Problems" worksheet step by step.

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1. Stored energy or energy due to position is known as ________ energy.

✔ Answer: *Potential*
> This is the definition of potential energy — energy stored due to an object’s position or configuration.

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2. The formula for calculating potential energy is _____________.

✔ Answer: $ PE = mgh $
> Where:
> - $ PE $ = Potential Energy
> - $ m $ = mass (in kg)
> - $ g $ = acceleration due to gravity ($ 9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2 $)
> - $ h $ = height (in meters)

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3. The three factors that determine the amount of potential energy in an object are _______, _______, and ________.

✔ Answer: *Mass*, *gravitational pull (or gravity)*, *height*
> These are the variables in the formula $ PE = mgh $

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4. Potential energy is measured in units of _____________.

✔ Answer: *Joules (J)*
> The SI unit for energy, including potential energy, is the joule.

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5. Mass must be measured in units of _____________.

✔ Answer: *kilograms (kg)*
> Standard unit of mass in the metric system.

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6. Gravitational pull must be measured in units of _____________.

✔ Answer: *meters per second squared (m/s²)*
> Gravity is an acceleration, so its unit is $ \text{m/s}^2 $. On Earth, $ g \approx 9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2 $.

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7. Height must be measured in units of _____________.

✔ Answer: *meters (m)*
> Standard unit for distance/height in physics.

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8. Calculate the potential energy of a rock with a mass of 55 kg while sitting on a cliff that is 27 m high.

Use:
$$
PE = mgh
$$
- $ m = 55 \, \text{kg} $
- $ g = 9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2 $
- $ h = 27 \, \text{m} $

$$
PE = 55 \times 9.8 \times 27 = 14,553 \, \text{J}
$$

✔ Answer: $ \boxed{14,553} $ Joules

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9. What distance is a book from the floor if the book contains 196 Joules of potential energy and has a mass of 5 kg?

Use:
$$
PE = mgh \Rightarrow h = \frac{PE}{mg}
$$
- $ PE = 196 \, \text{J} $
- $ m = 5 \, \text{kg} $
- $ g = 9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2 $

$$
h = \frac{196}{5 \times 9.8} = \frac{196}{49} = 4 \, \text{m}
$$

✔ Answer: $ \boxed{4} $ meters

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10. An automobile is sitting on a hill which is 20 m higher than ground level. Find the mass of the automobile if it contains 362,600 J of potential energy.

Use:
$$
PE = mgh \Rightarrow m = \frac{PE}{gh}
$$
- $ PE = 362,600 \, \text{J} $
- $ g = 9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2 $
- $ h = 20 \, \text{m} $

$$
m = \frac{362,600}{9.8 \times 20} = \frac{362,600}{196} = 1,850 \, \text{kg}
$$

✔ Answer: $ \boxed{1,850} $ kilograms

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11. Energy of motion is known as _____________ energy.

✔ Answer: *Kinetic*

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12. The formula for calculating kinetic energy is _____________.

✔ Answer: $ KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 $

> Where:
> - $ KE $ = Kinetic Energy
> - $ m $ = mass
> - $ v $ = velocity

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13. The two factors that determine the amount of kinetic energy in an object are ________ and ________.

✔ Answer: *Mass* and *velocity*

> Note: Velocity is squared, so it has a greater impact.

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14. Kinetic energy is measured in units of _____________.

✔ Answer: *Joules (J)*
> Same as potential energy.

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15. Mass must be measured in units of _____________.

✔ Answer: *kilograms (kg)*
> As before.

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16. Velocity must be measured in units of _____________.

✔ Answer: *meters per second (m/s)*
> Standard unit for speed/velocity.

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## ✔ Final Answers Summary:

| Question | Answer |
|--------|--------|
| 1 | Potential |
| 2 | $ PE = mgh $ |
| 3 | Mass, gravitational pull, height |
| 4 | Joules (J) |
| 5 | Kilograms (kg) |
| 6 | Meters per second squared (m/s²) |
| 7 | Meters (m) |
| 8 | 14,553 J |
| 9 | 4 m |
| 10 | 1,850 kg |
| 11 | Kinetic |
| 12 | $ KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 $ |
| 13 | Mass and velocity |
| 14 | Joules (J) |
| 15 | Kilograms (kg) |
| 16 | Meters per second (m/s) |

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