Worksheet on physical and chemical properties with multiple choice and matching exercises.

Let’s go step by step through each question to make sure we get the right answers.

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Multiple Choice Questions:

1. (Physical or Chemical) properties describe matter.
→ Both physical and chemical properties describe matter, but the question is asking which one *generally* describes matter in a broad sense — actually, both do. But looking at context of other questions, this is likely testing basic definition: physical properties are the ones you can observe without changing what the substance is (like color, size), while chemical properties involve how it reacts. However, since the question says “describe matter” broadly, and all matter has physical properties, a. physical is safest here.
Wait — let’s think again. Actually, BOTH types describe matter. But if forced to pick one that “describes matter” in general terms, physical properties are more fundamental for identification without reaction. Let’s check standard definitions: Physical properties = characteristics observable without changing identity. Chemical = how it changes into new substances. So yes, physical properties are used to describe matter as-is.
✔ Answer: a. physical

2. (Physical or Chemical) properties of a substance can be observed.
→ You can observe physical properties directly (color, smell, texture). Chemical properties require a reaction to see. So “can be observed” usually means without changing the substance → physical.
✔ Answer: a. physical

3. One can use their five senses to determine the (Physical or Chemical) properties of a substance.
→ Smell, sight, touch, taste (carefully!), hearing — these detect physical properties like odor, color, hardness. Chemical properties need reactions.
✔ Answer: a. physical

4. (Physical or Chemical) properties usually describe how a substance reacts.
→ That’s the definition of chemical properties!
✔ Answer: b. chemical

5. (Physical or Chemical) properties are not as easy to observe.
→ Chemical properties often require experiments or reactions to see — so they’re harder to observe than physical ones.
✔ Answer: b. chemical

6. (Physical or Chemical) properties can be used to identify substances.
→ Both can, but physical properties are most commonly used for quick ID (density, melting point, color). Chemical properties also help (e.g., flammability), but typically physical are first-line identifiers. Standard teaching: physical properties are used to identify substances without altering them.
✔ Answer: a. physical

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Matching Section:

We match each statement to either:
- a. Physical Property → can be observed/measured without changing the substance’s identity.
- b. Chemical Property → describes how a substance reacts or changes into something new.

7. Oxygen is odorless and colorless → These are sensory observations → a. Physical Property

8. Copper turns green when exposed to environment → This is rusting/oxidation → chemical change → b. Chemical Property

9. The piece of metal is magnetic → Magnetism is a physical property → a. Physical Property

10. Density of water is 1.0 g/cm³ → Density is physical → a. Physical Property

11. Diamonds are very hard → Hardness is physical → a. Physical Property

12. Tree is 8 meters high → Height is physical measurement → a. Physical Property

13. Sodium reacts easily with other elements → Reactivity = chemical → b. Chemical Property

14. Copper conducts electricity → Conductivity is physical → a. Physical Property

15. Water is a liquid → State of matter = physical → a. Physical Property

16. Mass of NaCl sample is 30 grams → Mass is physical → a. Physical Property

17. Gold is nonflammable → Flammability (or lack thereof) is chemical → b. Chemical Property

18. Alka-Seltzer tablets react with water to produce gas → Reaction producing new substance → b. Chemical Property

19. Color of ball is red → Color = physical → a. Physical Property

20. Iron reacts with oxygen to form rust → Rusting = chemical change → b. Chemical Property

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Now let’s compile final answers:

Final Answer:
1. a
2. a
3. a
4. b
5. b
6. a
7. a
8. b
9. a
10. a
11. a
12. a
13. b
14. a
15. a
16. a
17. b
18. b
19. a
20. b