Chemistry worksheet focusing on atomic structure, bonding, and ionic compounds.
A worksheet with fill-in-the-blank and true/false questions about chemistry concepts like atoms, ions, molecules, bonds, and chemical formulas.
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Step-by-step solution for: Solved IPS Unit 9-Chemical Bonds Types of Bonds Worksheet | Chegg.com
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Show Answer Key & Explanations
Step-by-step solution for: Solved IPS Unit 9-Chemical Bonds Types of Bonds Worksheet | Chegg.com
Let's go through each question carefully and provide the correct answers with explanations.
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3. An atom that has gained or lost electrons is called a(n)
✔ ion
*Explanation:* When an atom gains or loses electrons, it becomes charged and is called an ion.
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4. An atom is ________ when its outer energy level is filled with electrons.
✔ stable
*Explanation:* Atoms are most stable when their outermost energy level (valence shell) is full, typically following the octet rule (8 electrons), except for hydrogen (2 electrons).
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5. A(n) ________ tells what elements make up a compound and the ratios of the atoms of those elements.
✔ chemical formula
*Explanation:* A chemical formula shows the types and numbers of atoms in a compound (e.g., H₂O means two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom).
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6. A molecule that has a positive end and a negative end is a(n) ________ molecule.
✔ polar
*Explanation:* Polar molecules have an uneven distribution of electron density, creating partial positive and negative ends (dipoles). Example: water (H₂O).
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7. A bond that forms between atoms when they share electrons is a(n) ________ bond.
✔ covalent
*Explanation:* Covalent bonds involve sharing of electrons between atoms, usually between nonmetals.
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8. A positive or negative number that is assigned to an element to show its combining ability in a compound is a(n) ________.
✔ oxidation state (or oxidation number)
*Explanation:* Oxidation states indicate the hypothetical charge of an atom if all bonds were ionic.
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9. An ion that has a positive charge is called a(n) ________.
✔ cation
*Explanation:* Cations are positively charged ions (formed when atoms lose electrons).
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10. When an atom gains an electron, it is called a(n) ________.
✔ anion
*Explanation:* Anions are negatively charged ions formed when atoms gain electrons.
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11. The force of attraction between the opposite charges of the ions in an ionic compound is a(n) ________.
✔ ionic bond
*Explanation:* Ionic bonds result from electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions.
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12. Molecules that do not have oppositely charged ends are ________ molecules.
✔ nonpolar
*Explanation:* Nonpolar molecules have symmetrical charge distribution and no significant dipole moment (e.g., O₂, CH₄).
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13. A(n) ________ is formed when atoms gain, lose, or share electrons.
✔ chemical bond
*Explanation:* Chemical bonds form due to electron transfer (ionic) or sharing (covalent) between atoms.
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We’ll identify which statement is false and rewrite it with the correct term/phrase.
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14. The properties of a compound are the same as the properties of the elements it contains.
✘ False
✔ The properties of a compound are different from the properties of the elements it contains.
*Explanation:* Compounds have unique properties not seen in their constituent elements (e.g., NaCl is edible, but Na is explosive and Cl is toxic).
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15. Superscript numbers in chemical formulas tell how many atoms of each element are found in a unit of compound.
✘ False
✔ Subscript numbers in chemical formulas tell how many atoms of each element are found in a unit of compound.
*Explanation:* Subscripts (like the 2 in H₂O) indicate the number of atoms; superscripts are used for charges (e.g., Ca²⁺).
---
16. All the noble gases except helium have 18 electrons in their outer energy level.
✘ False
✔ All the noble gases except helium have 8 electrons in their outer energy level.
*Explanation:* Noble gases have full valence shells — helium has 2 (duet rule), others have 8 (octet rule).
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17. A(n) chemical formula is the force that holds atoms together in a compound.
✘ False
✔ A(n) chemical bond is the force that holds atoms together in a compound.
*Explanation:* The chemical formula describes composition, not the bonding force.
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18. An ion is a(n) neutral particle that has either more or fewer electrons than protons.
✘ False
✔ An ion is a charged particle that has either more or fewer electrons than protons.
*Explanation:* Ions are charged because they have unequal numbers of protons and electrons.
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19. Charges are written as subscripts.
✘ False
✔ Charges are written as superscripts.
*Explanation:* For example, O²⁻ has the charge as a superscript.
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20. A(n) covalent bond is the force of attraction between the opposite charges of the ions in an ionic compound.
✘ False
✔ An ionic bond is the force of attraction between the opposite charges of the ions in an ionic compound.
*Explanation:* Covalent bonds involve sharing electrons; ionic bonds involve electrostatic attraction.
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21. The charge on the final compound is always positive.
✘ False
✔ The charge on the final compound is always zero (neutral).
*Explanation:* In a neutral compound, total positive and negative charges balance out.
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22. Equal sharing of electrons in covalent bonds results in polar molecules.
✘ False
✔ Equal sharing of electrons in covalent bonds results in nonpolar molecules.
*Explanation:* Equal sharing → no polarity → nonpolar molecule (e.g., O₂). Unequal sharing → polar molecule.
---
23. Only two identical atoms can share electrons unequally.
✘ False
✔ Only two different atoms can share electrons unequally.
*Explanation:* Identical atoms (like O₂) share electrons equally. Different atoms (like H and O) have different electronegativities, leading to unequal sharing.
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24. An ion is a positively charged ion.
✘ False
✔ A cation is a positively charged ion.
*Explanation:* "Ion" refers to any charged particle; a positively charged ion is specifically a cation.
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25. When an atom loses an electron, it is called a anion.
✘ False
✔ When an atom loses an electron, it is called a cation.
*Explanation:* Losing electrons → positive charge → cation.
---
#### Part 1:
3. ion
4. stable
5. chemical formula
6. polar
7. covalent
8. oxidation state (or oxidation number)
9. cation
10. anion
11. ionic bond
12. nonpolar
13. chemical bond
#### Part 2 (Corrected Statements):
14. The properties of a compound are different from the properties of the elements it contains.
15. Subscript numbers in chemical formulas tell how many atoms...
16. All noble gases except helium have 8 electrons in their outer energy level.
17. A(n) chemical bond is the force that holds atoms together...
18. An ion is a(n) charged particle that has either more or fewer electrons than protons.
19. Charges are written as superscripts.
20. A(n) ionic bond is the force of attraction between the opposite charges...
21. The charge on the final compound is always zero (neutral).
22. Equal sharing of electrons... results in nonpolar molecules.
23. Only two different atoms can share electrons unequally.
24. A cation is a positively charged ion.
25. When an atom loses an electron, it is called a cation.
Let me know if you'd like this formatted as a printable answer sheet!
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Part 1: Complete the sentence by writing the correct terms in the blanks
3. An atom that has gained or lost electrons is called a(n)
✔ ion
*Explanation:* When an atom gains or loses electrons, it becomes charged and is called an ion.
---
4. An atom is ________ when its outer energy level is filled with electrons.
✔ stable
*Explanation:* Atoms are most stable when their outermost energy level (valence shell) is full, typically following the octet rule (8 electrons), except for hydrogen (2 electrons).
---
5. A(n) ________ tells what elements make up a compound and the ratios of the atoms of those elements.
✔ chemical formula
*Explanation:* A chemical formula shows the types and numbers of atoms in a compound (e.g., H₂O means two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom).
---
6. A molecule that has a positive end and a negative end is a(n) ________ molecule.
✔ polar
*Explanation:* Polar molecules have an uneven distribution of electron density, creating partial positive and negative ends (dipoles). Example: water (H₂O).
---
7. A bond that forms between atoms when they share electrons is a(n) ________ bond.
✔ covalent
*Explanation:* Covalent bonds involve sharing of electrons between atoms, usually between nonmetals.
---
8. A positive or negative number that is assigned to an element to show its combining ability in a compound is a(n) ________.
✔ oxidation state (or oxidation number)
*Explanation:* Oxidation states indicate the hypothetical charge of an atom if all bonds were ionic.
---
9. An ion that has a positive charge is called a(n) ________.
✔ cation
*Explanation:* Cations are positively charged ions (formed when atoms lose electrons).
---
10. When an atom gains an electron, it is called a(n) ________.
✔ anion
*Explanation:* Anions are negatively charged ions formed when atoms gain electrons.
---
11. The force of attraction between the opposite charges of the ions in an ionic compound is a(n) ________.
✔ ionic bond
*Explanation:* Ionic bonds result from electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions.
---
12. Molecules that do not have oppositely charged ends are ________ molecules.
✔ nonpolar
*Explanation:* Nonpolar molecules have symmetrical charge distribution and no significant dipole moment (e.g., O₂, CH₄).
---
13. A(n) ________ is formed when atoms gain, lose, or share electrons.
✔ chemical bond
*Explanation:* Chemical bonds form due to electron transfer (ionic) or sharing (covalent) between atoms.
---
Part 2: Correct the false statements
We’ll identify which statement is false and rewrite it with the correct term/phrase.
---
14. The properties of a compound are the same as the properties of the elements it contains.
✘ False
✔ The properties of a compound are different from the properties of the elements it contains.
*Explanation:* Compounds have unique properties not seen in their constituent elements (e.g., NaCl is edible, but Na is explosive and Cl is toxic).
---
15. Superscript numbers in chemical formulas tell how many atoms of each element are found in a unit of compound.
✘ False
✔ Subscript numbers in chemical formulas tell how many atoms of each element are found in a unit of compound.
*Explanation:* Subscripts (like the 2 in H₂O) indicate the number of atoms; superscripts are used for charges (e.g., Ca²⁺).
---
16. All the noble gases except helium have 18 electrons in their outer energy level.
✘ False
✔ All the noble gases except helium have 8 electrons in their outer energy level.
*Explanation:* Noble gases have full valence shells — helium has 2 (duet rule), others have 8 (octet rule).
---
17. A(n) chemical formula is the force that holds atoms together in a compound.
✘ False
✔ A(n) chemical bond is the force that holds atoms together in a compound.
*Explanation:* The chemical formula describes composition, not the bonding force.
---
18. An ion is a(n) neutral particle that has either more or fewer electrons than protons.
✘ False
✔ An ion is a charged particle that has either more or fewer electrons than protons.
*Explanation:* Ions are charged because they have unequal numbers of protons and electrons.
---
19. Charges are written as subscripts.
✘ False
✔ Charges are written as superscripts.
*Explanation:* For example, O²⁻ has the charge as a superscript.
---
20. A(n) covalent bond is the force of attraction between the opposite charges of the ions in an ionic compound.
✘ False
✔ An ionic bond is the force of attraction between the opposite charges of the ions in an ionic compound.
*Explanation:* Covalent bonds involve sharing electrons; ionic bonds involve electrostatic attraction.
---
21. The charge on the final compound is always positive.
✘ False
✔ The charge on the final compound is always zero (neutral).
*Explanation:* In a neutral compound, total positive and negative charges balance out.
---
22. Equal sharing of electrons in covalent bonds results in polar molecules.
✘ False
✔ Equal sharing of electrons in covalent bonds results in nonpolar molecules.
*Explanation:* Equal sharing → no polarity → nonpolar molecule (e.g., O₂). Unequal sharing → polar molecule.
---
23. Only two identical atoms can share electrons unequally.
✘ False
✔ Only two different atoms can share electrons unequally.
*Explanation:* Identical atoms (like O₂) share electrons equally. Different atoms (like H and O) have different electronegativities, leading to unequal sharing.
---
24. An ion is a positively charged ion.
✘ False
✔ A cation is a positively charged ion.
*Explanation:* "Ion" refers to any charged particle; a positively charged ion is specifically a cation.
---
25. When an atom loses an electron, it is called a anion.
✘ False
✔ When an atom loses an electron, it is called a cation.
*Explanation:* Losing electrons → positive charge → cation.
---
✔ Final Answers Summary:
#### Part 1:
3. ion
4. stable
5. chemical formula
6. polar
7. covalent
8. oxidation state (or oxidation number)
9. cation
10. anion
11. ionic bond
12. nonpolar
13. chemical bond
#### Part 2 (Corrected Statements):
14. The properties of a compound are different from the properties of the elements it contains.
15. Subscript numbers in chemical formulas tell how many atoms...
16. All noble gases except helium have 8 electrons in their outer energy level.
17. A(n) chemical bond is the force that holds atoms together...
18. An ion is a(n) charged particle that has either more or fewer electrons than protons.
19. Charges are written as superscripts.
20. A(n) ionic bond is the force of attraction between the opposite charges...
21. The charge on the final compound is always zero (neutral).
22. Equal sharing of electrons... results in nonpolar molecules.
23. Only two different atoms can share electrons unequally.
24. A cation is a positively charged ion.
25. When an atom loses an electron, it is called a cation.
Let me know if you'd like this formatted as a printable answer sheet!
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of types of chemical bonds worksheet.
