Why government 1 | PDF - Free Printable

It looks like you've uploaded a worksheet titled "Why Government?" that explores philosophical ideas about government, particularly focusing on the contrasting views of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke. The worksheet includes several sections: vocabulary matching, concept connections, and analysis of statements related to their political philosophies.

Let’s go through each section step-by-step and solve it with explanations.

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Section B: Vocabulary Matching

Match the number of the word to the correct category.

#### Categories:
- State of Nature
- Social Contract

#### Words:
1. Natural Rights
2. Life
3. Liberty
4. Property
5. Laws
6. No laws
7. Compromises are made
8. You are on your own
9. Rights are protected
10. Rights are potential

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#### Step-by-step Analysis:

We need to determine whether each term belongs in the State of Nature (a hypothetical condition before government) or under the Social Contract (the agreement people make to form society and government).

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##### State of Nature (Life without government):
- In this state, there is no government, no laws, and individuals live freely but potentially in chaos.
- People have natural rights, but they are not protected.
- There's no enforcement of rules — everyone is on their own.

So:
- 6. No laws → State of Nature ✔
- 8. You are on your own → State of Nature ✔
- 10. Rights are potential → State of Nature ✔ (because rights exist but aren't enforced)
- 1. Natural Rights → State of Nature ✔ (they exist naturally, even without government)
- 2. Life, 3. Liberty, 4. Property → These are *natural rights*, so they belong in the State of Nature as well (since they exist before government)

> So far, 1–4, 6, 8, 10 → State of Nature

Wait — let’s clarify:

While life, liberty, property are *natural rights* and thus part of the State of Nature, they become protected only after the social contract.

But the question is: where do these words belong?

Looking at the definitions:

- Natural Rights: Exist in the state of nature → State of Nature
- Life, Liberty, Property: Also natural rights → State of Nature
- No laws: Clearly State of Nature
- You are on your own: No help from others → State of Nature
- Rights are potential: Not guaranteed → State of Nature

Now for Social Contract:
- Laws → Created by government → Social Contract ✔
- Compromises are made → Part of agreeing to live together → Social Contract ✔
- Rights are protected → Government enforces rights → Social Contract ✔

So final matches:

| Number | Word | Category |
|--------|-------------------------|--------------------|
| 1 | Natural Rights | State of Nature |
| 2 | Life | State of Nature |
| 3 | Liberty | State of Nature |
| 4 | Property | State of Nature |
| 5 | Laws | Social Contract |
| 6 | No laws | State of Nature |
| 7 | Compromises are made | Social Contract |
| 8 | You are on your own | State of Nature |
| 9 | Rights are protected | Social Contract |
| 10 | Rights are potential | State of Nature |

✔ Answer Key (B):
- State of Nature: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10
- Social Contract: 5, 7, 9

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Section C: What’s the connection?

Describe how the words listed are connected to one another.

#### 1. Life / Liberty / Property

> Connection: These are the three natural rights identified by John Locke. He believed that all humans are born with the right to life, freedom (liberty), and ownership of property. These rights are inherent and cannot be taken away by any government.

✔ Explanation: Locke argued that the purpose of government is to protect these rights. If a government fails to do so, people have the right to overthrow it.

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#### 2. State of Nature / War

> Connection: In the state of nature, according to Thomas Hobbes, life is “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.” Without laws or government, people act on self-interest, leading to constant conflict — essentially a war of all against all.

✔ Explanation: Hobbes saw the state of nature as chaotic and dangerous. This fear of war and violence led people to create a social contract to establish order.

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#### 3. Government / Social Contract

> Connection: A social contract is an agreement among people to give up some freedoms in exchange for protection and services provided by a government. The government is created to enforce laws, protect rights, and maintain peace.

✔ Explanation: Both Hobbes and Locke support the idea of a social contract, but they differ on its purpose. Hobbes wanted strong authority to prevent chaos; Locke wanted limited government to protect natural rights.

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Section D: Agree or Disagree?

Read each statement and determine if Hobbes and Locke would agree.

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#### Statement 1:
> "There are no laws in a state of nature, and people are always at war."

- Hobbes: ✔ Agree – He famously described the state of nature as a war of every man against every man.
- Locke: ✘ Disagree – Locke believed the state of nature was peaceful and governed by reason and natural law. People were rational and could coexist without government, though they might need a system to resolve disputes.

➡️ Answer:
- Hobbes: Agree
- Locke: Disagree

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#### Statement 2:
> "Government is needed to create laws, protect people and provide services."

- Hobbes: ✔ Agree – He believed government must be strong to prevent chaos and ensure order.
- Locke: ✔ Agree – He also believed government should protect rights and provide justice, but he favored limited government.

➡️ Answer:
- Hobbes: Agree
- Locke: Agree

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#### Statement 3:
> "The ruler should be someone that has complete power and cannot be overthrown if the people are unhappy."

- Hobbes: ✔ Agree – He supported absolute monarchy to avoid civil unrest. Once the social contract is made, the sovereign has total authority.
- Locke: ✘ Disagree – He believed government exists to protect natural rights. If a ruler becomes tyrannical, the people have the right to revolt.

➡️ Answer:
- Hobbes: Agree
- Locke: Disagree

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Final Thought:

> *"Hobbes thought a monarchy was best, and that the people could never overthrow the sovereign. Locke believed that the government should be overthrown if the people once failed to serve and protect them."*

This statement is correct in summarizing the contrast between Hobbes and Locke.

- Hobbes: Absolute ruler, no rebellion allowed.
- Locke: Limited government, revolution justified if rights are violated.

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✔ Final Answers Summary:

#### B. Vocabulary Match
- State of Nature: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10
- Social Contract: 5, 7, 9

#### C. Connections
1. Life/Liberty/Property → Natural rights (Locke); inherent and must be protected.
2. State of Nature/War → Hobbes: Without government, life is a war of all against all.
3. Government/Social Contract → People agree to form government to gain order and protection.

#### D. Agree or Disagree
1. No laws, always at war
- Hobbes: Agree
- Locke: Disagree

2. Government creates laws and protects people
- Hobbes: Agree
- Locke: Agree

3. Ruler has complete power, can’t be overthrown
- Hobbes: Agree
- Locke: Disagree

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